Characteristics Of Wireless Network

The term  wireless network  (Wireless network  in  English ) is a term used in telecommunications to designate the connection of  nodes  without the need of a physical connection ( cables ), this is given by means of  electromagnetic waves .Wireless Lan protocal Transmission and reception are done through  ports .

One of its main advantages is notable in the costs, since all ethernet cable  and physical connections between nodes are eliminated  , but it also has a considerable disadvantage since for this type of network you must have a   much more demanding and robust security to avoid to intruders.

Characteristics:

Depending on the frequency range used to transmit, the transmission medium may be  radio waves ,   terrestrial or satellite microwaves , and  infrared , for example. Depending on the medium, the wireless network will have some characteristics or others:

·          Radio waves:  the  electromagnetic waves  are omnidirectional, so they are not necessary  satellite dishes . The transmission is not sensitive to the attenuations caused by rain since it operates at frequencies not too high. In this range are the bands from the  ELF  that goes from 3 to 30  Hz , to the UHF band   that goes from 300 to 3000  MHz , that is, it comprises the radio spectrum of 30 - 3000000000 Hz.

·          Terrestrial microwave:  satellite dishes with an approximate diameter of about three meters are used. They have a coverage of kilometers, but with the disadvantage that the transmitter and receiver must be perfectly aligned. Therefore, they are used to use point-to-point links   over short distances. In this case, the attenuation produced by rain is more important since it operates at a higher frequency. Microwaves comprise frequencies from 1 to 300  GHz .

·          Microwave by satellite:  links are made between two or more ground stations called base stations. The  satellite  receives the signal (called ascending signal) in a frequency band, amplifies it and retransmits it in another band (descending signal). Each satellite operates in specific bands. Microwave frequencies, both terrestrial and satellite, with infrared and high-frequency radio waves mix quite a bit, so there may be interference with communications on certain frequencies.